which statement is true regarding the models of abnormality?what size gas block for 300 blackout pistol
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69. She could see the answers of the person next to her and briefly considered copying his answers. a. Breuer made daily visits and allowed her to share stories from her private theater, which she came to call talking cure or chimney sweeping. Many of the stories she shared were actually thoughts or events she found troubling and reliving them helped to relieve or eliminate the symptoms. Neurotransmitters will only bind to their specific receptor sites, much like a key will only fit into the lock it was designed for. A person engages in multiple online discussions with a large number of friends on Facebook. d. who are not religious cope better with life stressors such as war and illness. According to psychoanalysis, which statement is TRUE of psychological conflicts? They then realize their worth as a person but also that they are not perfect. According to the cognitive-behavioral model, this is an example of _____ behavior. Someone who studies the _____ model of abnormality focuses on how values and choices affect behavior. Armed with this stunning revelation, Pavlov spent the rest of his career investigating the learning phenomenon. b. ego. Gambling disorder is a manifestation of the previously desirable behavior of being a risk taker. A theorist who believes that the multicultural perspective is the correct way to think about abnormality comes from which paradigm? Abnormal behavior in the family causes an individual to develop dual personalities: one for the public and one for at home. c. Behavior that one group would classify as abnormal may be the norm in another group. Again, your schema about front row and back row students is incorrect and causes you to make certain assumptions about these individuals. Check out Figure 2.10 to see if you do. Second, we must remember what a model does to imitate it. "What an individual views as abnormal behavior in public may be the only way to effectively interact with family members.". David Rosenhan sent pseudopatients to a mental hospital, where they pretended to be disturbed. According to Freud, our personality has three parts the id, superego, and ego, and from these our behavior arises. 2.3.4.2. d. only one factorstress or predispositionis necessary for abnormality to occur. 90. b. encourage clients to use spiritual resources that aid with coping. c. alter illogical thinking patterns and reduce avoidance behaviors. If a mother seems excessively involved in her childs life such that the two do not seem to be independent people, their relationship is said to be: a. externalized. Based on related research, we would expect this person to have a _____ number of offline friends and to _____ share information with them. Negative means that something is being taken away good or bad. 111. c. deep brain stimulation. The pain was enough that I never walked up and down the street echoing my identity crisis for all to hear. Anti-anxiety medications help with the symptoms of anxiety and include benzodiazepines such as Clonazepam, Alprazolam, and Lorazepam. d. case studies. d. a severe disorder and who has not responded to any other therapies over years of treatment. Why is the psychodynamic model difficult to research? What exactly are some of the neurotransmitters which are so critical for neural transmission, and are essential to our discussion of psychopathology? Gestalt therapy is similar to mindfulness techniques in its emphasis on: Cognitive-behavioral approaches used to treat social anxiety disorder aim to: alter illogical thinking patterns and reduce avoidance behaviors. An example was the attention I received for saying I was Chicken Little. The central nervous system (CNS) is the control center for the nervous system, which receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming sensory information. First, you can use cognitive restructuring, also called rational restructuring, in which maladaptive cognitions are replaced with more adaptive ones. c. transference. List and define the ten defense mechanisms proposed by Freud. 26. b. secondary prevention. a. psychodynamic b. behavioral c. humanist-existential d. sociocultural. We all have two copies of each gene, one inherited from our mother and one from our father. To be considered distinct from other conditions, a mental illness must have its own set of symptoms. c. This model focuses on abstract issues of human fulfillment. In the case of borderline personality disorder, many people report experiencing traumatic life events such as abandonment, abuse, unstable relationships or hostility, and adversity during childhood. d. people who avoid responsibility for their lives and decisions live inauthentic lives. a. modeling. Only about 10 percent of those who receive couple therapy eventually divorce. Thorndike also said that stimulus and responses were connected by the organism, and this led to learning. d. ego ideal. Anne has distant parents, failing grades, and insufficient funds for basic necessities and also develops depression. 50. With time, Anna O. did recover from her hysteria and went on to become a prominent member of the Jewish Community, involving herself in social work, volunteering at soup kitchens, and becoming House Mother at an orphanage for Jewish girls in 1895. 23. Humans have several of these reflexes, though not as many as other animals due to our more complicated nervous system. Describe the role of genes in mental illness. Did it start again and your parents could not figure out why? What if? In contrast, Thanatos, our death instinct, is either directed inward as in the case of suicide and masochism or outward via hatred and aggression. A patient sees a therapist to help her address her eating disorder. 110. Dontrall observed his parents generous behavior throughout his childhood. See Figure 2.1 below. c. the conscious mind. All while doing this, we will identify areas of concern for psychologists focused on the treatment of mental disorders. 2.2.1.3. For each category, we have a schema, or a set of beliefs and expectations about a group of people, presumed to apply to all members of the group, and based on experience. First, libido is the psychic energy that drives a person to pleasurable thoughts and behaviors. 133. d. caution the patient against using religious-based counseling services. A general term used for Freud's, Adler's, and Jung's theories is: The _____ operates in accord with the pleasure principle. The major multidimensional model that is useful in understanding the causes of mental disorders is usually called the biopsychosocial model (BPS). The child learns to interact with others without yelling. 102. c. neurotransmitters. A couple therapist who focuses on acceptance and positive change where possible is using _____ therapy. a. depression b. Huntingtons disease c. social anxiety disorder d. schizophrenia. Once the electrical impulse has passed from one segment of the axon to the next, the neuron begins the process of resetting called repolarization. Mindfulness has been shown to be associated with improvements in which of the following? Current multicultural perspectives are MOST likely to focus on the: special external pressures faced by members of a culture. d. displacement. List and describe the models of abnormality. The answer is continuous. Providing routine mental health screenings, followed by immediate intervention as needed. When a child yells and threatens others, he or she is placed in a time-out, away from the group. What is this therapy? d. people can inherit physical but not mental capacities. a. Bertha, known in published case studies as Anna O., was expected to complete the formal education typical of upper-middle-class girls, which included foreign language, religion, horseback riding, needlepoint, and piano. For instance, people with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) have difficulty regulating serotonin. She is very open about herself and shares her thoughts and opinions freely. Females are at higher risk for developing an anxiety disorder than men. Multicultural psychologists assert that both normal behavior and abnormal behavior need to be understood in the context of the individuals unique culture and the groups value system. You immediately focus all of your energy on the financial implications of your partners departure and ways to save money. d. client-centered therapy. This was a positive punisher that did not have to be learned, and definitely not one of my finer moments in life. 2.3.2.5. To begin, an applied behavior analyst identifies a target behavior, or behavior to be changed, defines it, works with the client to develop goals, conducts a functional assessment to understand what the undesirable behavior is, what causes it, and what maintains it. Anne has distant parents, failing grades, and insufficient funds for basic necessities and also develops depression. c. existential. However, men are more likely to die by suicide than women, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Her therapy is MOST likely: a. gestalt therapy. Shonda responds by changing the subject. 44. Once in the brain, it is processed and interpreted. Within the context of psychopathology, the behavioral perspective is useful because explains maladaptive behavior in terms of learning gone awry. Many disorders have genetic roots, are a result of hormonal imbalances, or caused by viral infections such as strep. c. repression. Which statement regarding the outcomes of couple therapy is FALSE? Personality develops over five distinct stages in which the libido focuses on different parts of the body. On later trials, the rat was presented (NS) and followed closely by a loud sound (UCS; Panel B). The force that is in control in this example is the: The brain stimulation technique that uses an electromagnetic coil placed on or above a person's head to send electrical current into certain areas of the brain is called: The objective of the Human Genome Project was to: Abnormal chemical activity in the body's endocrine system relates to the release of: During a meeting, Shonda's manager asks her to free associate about her coworker's performance. Infections can cause brain damage and lead to the development of mental illness or exacerbate existing symptoms. Individuals describe this feeling as an out-of-body experience where you are an observer of your thoughts, feelings, and physical being. This form of behavior therapy is widely used in clinical, business, and classroom situations. 151. She is very open about herself and shares her thoughts and opinions freely. Furthermore, some patients report feeling as though they lack speech or motor control, thus feeling at times like a robot. The cat could escape the box and reach the food by manipulating a series of levers. Despite Freuds generalization, his theory was based on only a few patients. d. cognitive-behavioral. Still, Sigmund Freud developed useful therapeutic tools for clinicians and raised awareness about the role the unconscious plays in both normal and abnormal behavior. That is why a person inherits a susceptibility to a mental illness and doesnt necessarily develop the illness. Second, observational learning occurs when we learn by observing the world around us. According to family systems theory, this family is characterized by: a. enmeshed structure. An important factor to consider when prescribing drugs for the treatment of abnormality would be that: some people do not benefit from drug treatments. If the rat pushes the lever again sometime in the future and food is delivered, the behavior spontaneously recovers. b. early childhood trauma. Resistance and transference are terms most likely used by which model? 71. 2.3.3.3. d. They are the brains attempts to understand abnormal electrical activity. Briefly, these included: The article also suggested a few non-cognitive restructuring techniques, including mindfulness meditation and self-compassion. The procedure is still the most controversial available to mental health professionals due to its effectiveness vs. the side effects, the objectivity of ECT experts, and the recent increase in ECT as a quick and easy solution, instead of long-term psychotherapy or hospitalization (https://www.mhanational.org/ect). b. cognitive-behavioral 68. A man has cheated on his partner and he feels very guilty, but soon he begins to make excuses, saying that his partner has nagged him for years. During the time-out, no one interacts with the child. 89. a. having the patient engage in activities that elicit anxiety b. prescribing an antidepressant medication such as paroxetine c. teaching the patient how to effectively challenge negative thoughts d. encouraging the patient to cultivate relationships with others who have similar anxieties. The earlier that treatment begins, the more effective it can be., https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/men-and-mental-health/index.shtml, In relation to women: Some disorders are more common in women such as depression and anxiety. How so? The force that is in control in this example is the: a. id. You might say neurotransmitters are part of a lock-and-key system. Therapists who often deliberately frustrate and challenge their clients, and who often use role-playing and a "here and now" orientation, are _____ therapists. However, she went to the restroom to change instead. b. behavior-focused therapists. According to your reading on abnormal psychology, which term is defined as "the inability to perform in one or more important areas of functioning" and is a consideration in identifying the presence of a mental disorder? Men with mental illnesses are also less likely to have received mental health treatment than women in the past year. Acceptance and commitment therapy borrows heavily from _____, which teaches individuals to pay attention to the thoughts and feelings that are flowing through their minds, and to accept their thoughts in a nonjudgmental way. Freud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were: instinctual needs, rational thinking, and moral standards. c. increased participation in very high-risk activities. The neuron next moves into a relative refractory period, meaning it can fire but needs higher than normal levels of stimulation. But women may experience these illnesses differently certain symptoms may be more common in women than in men, and the course of the illness can be affected by the sex of the individual. As opposed to the medical model, which emphasizes mental illness as . How so? Watson and Rayner (1920) conducted one of the most famous studies in psychology. The BEST explanation for this trend is that these theories: focused on a positive message and living a meaningful life. This process is called counterconditioning, or the reversal of previous learning. Behaviorism has also been accused of being mechanistic and seeing people as machines. The self-actualization motive plays an important part in human functioning, according to: A therapist who describes her client as someone who has yet to fulfill his or her full potential, rather than as someone with a disorder, is MOST likely what kind of theorist?
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