activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer keysewell funeral home obituaries
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A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. 5 4. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. American Geosciences Institute. Legal. Copyright 2023. (Grades It shows the time required for P Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. (Source: USGS). An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. 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(5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C 0000030240 00000 n Key Facts & Information. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Thanks for your feedback! ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . (Listen to student ideas.) Describe the logarithmic nature of the earthquake magnitude scale. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. 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In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. 0 Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves? located 1,000 miles from the Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. 0000004060 00000 n minutes = 6 minutes. 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. What is an earthquake? 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. Finding the Epicenter. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? 0000001861 00000 n Resources. velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. 0000000856 00000 n xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. 0000001396 00000 n The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Make changes to the sample. The vertical lines, spaced one Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. earthquake. (Grades 9 - 12). Use this information to complete the following. 0000030968 00000 n a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. How far do S waves travel in 5 Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Content Outline Earthquakes For Teaching - Mrs. Parsiola's Homepage, Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers, Earthquake Facts & Worksheets | Mechanism, Impact, Events, Quiz & Worksheet - Causes Of Earthquakes - Study.com, 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key | PDF - Scribd, Bill Nye-The Science Guy * - Biloxi Public Schools, psc plus two level preliminary exam syllabus pdf 2023, first tuesday real estate principles exam answers, ies exam pattern for mechanical engineering, resultados examen practico dgt las palmas, exame de sangue precisa de quanto tempo de jejum, sslc question paper 2023 karnataka pdf with answers social science, examen de formacion civica y etica tercer grado secundaria, ctet exam date 2023 application form last date, why is it important to do self breast exams, quanto tempo depois de infectado pelo hiv aparece no exame. P wave. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time 0000030504 00000 n It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. 0000098546 00000 n Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. How might they use this information? First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 0000008088 00000 n Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. Download. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. time for any point that is 3,000 miles 0000001533 00000 n I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? Section A - Operator Information 1. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). 0000031066 00000 n HTn0MmcHCB 83 0 obj <> endobj Three seismographs are needed. Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. 0000001777 00000 n Many updates and improvements! The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. 0000003991 00000 n "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). [N'. Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. Therefore, the lag How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? %PDF-1.5 % 4. 3. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. 1. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Figure 2. (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? seismograph: An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. 9 - Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^ SM.R\!H+$|+DUzt^w{" %&{KXjT'9yzT^UFe:+f(`PU_9%EW@\)?i qp!\G Z endstream endobj 75 0 obj <>stream Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Subject Areas: 0000003855 00000 n El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. 9 - There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. minute apart, represent the passage of time Do limits exist on what science can predict? The process is called triangulation. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. at that station. What about P waves? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? HlRnQ?R\>BjK' Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Last updated November 26, 2013. Thanks for your feedback! Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. What data is used to determine magnitude? A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. As you may know, people have look numerous times for . Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. !5(~q* Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. Last modified July 18, 2012. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. (Figure 3):. How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering.
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