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TOTAL EFFECTS Alpha Arbutin Skin Brightening lotion, Even skin tone Glowing Skin Cream. This ad is displayed using third party content and we do not control its accessibility features. 0000000884 00000 n . Alpha-Arbutin is a glycosylated hydroquinone that was first discovered in bearberry (Arctostapylos uva-ursi) and then in the leaves of lingonberry, Chinese pear, creeping saxifrage, strawberry tree, marjoram, evergreen. Alpha Arbutin is a serum that reduces spots and hyperpigmentation and it is well known for just that. D = o-diphenol (L-dopa), A = Arbutin, Q = o-dopaquinone, P = o-quinone from or -arbutin, AOH = ortho-hydroxylated arbutin, Cr = dopachrome, Em = metatyrosinase, Ed = deoxytyrosinase and Eox = oxytyrosinase. Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 45,383 times. That's to say, you can use vitamin C and alpha arbutin together in the same skincare routine, (vitamin C serum to be applied first, followed by alpha arbutin) that's if they're both water-based serums. On the other hand, it has been described that -arbutin inhibits the activity of tyrosinase but not its biosynthesis in human melanocyte cultures [24]. Both alpha-Arbutin (-Arbutin) and beta-Arbutin (-Arbutin) suppresses melanin production that causes freckles and suntan. This top-rated product from Natrium can help even out your complexion, and it contains not only arbutin but also niacinamide and lemon. Structurally, ALPHA-ARBUTIN (IUPAC name: 4-hydroxyphenyl--D-glucopyranoside) is an . Melanin is the pigmentation thats responsible for dark spots and hyperpigmentation. We dont necessarily recommend using alpha arbutin powder because it can be complicated and you need tools like a scale to make sure youre getting the right combination. The glycosylated derivatives of hydroquinone and -arbutin are used as depigmenting agents and their concentrations are regulated by law. The Ordinary Alpha Arbutin 2% + HA is a standout, and its incredibly affordable. Both azelaic acid and alpha arbutin are known for their brightening benefits, but there are some key differences between the two ingredients. Chemical structures of -arbutin and -arbutin. This was lent weight by the oxygen consumption test with TBC (Fig 5 and 5 Inset), L-dopa (S4 and S4 Inset Fig) or L-tyrosine (S5 and S5 Inset Fig). Alpha-arbutin is the most stable when the PH value is between 3.5~6.5. Its non-irritating for the majority of people, and its a relatively affordable product. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. The action of the enzyme on and -arbutin, respectively, in the presence of H2O2 [46] is shown in S6 and S6 Inset Fig. You can use alpha-arbutin in both the morning and the evening. Eric McClure is an editing fellow at wikiHow where he has been editing, researching, and creating content since 2019. Group of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. KM and kcat values were obtained fitting by non-linear regression (Table 2) the initial rate values vs. the concentration of substrate to the Eq 1 (Fig 7 and 7 Inset). In light of the kinetic mechanism for the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase proposed in the bibliography [1], this double effect led us to carry out a deeper study of and -arbutin. If you have sensitive skin, it may be a good option for you because its gentler than other brightening products like glycolic acid and retinol. "Arbutin works to inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme present in melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin," says board-certified dermatologist Tiffany Jow Libby, M.D. Determination of the MBTH saturation concentration. V0 values were calculated taking into account the increase of absorbance with time at = 480 nm for -arbutin and = 490 nm for -arbutin (isosbestic points of the respective adducts) and the molar absorptivity values, which were 22400 M-1 cm-1 and 21200 M-1 cm-1 respectively. ALPHA-ARBUTIN reduces the degree of skin . The o-quinones generated by the action of tyrosinase on and -arbutin are unstable, as mentioned above. All the assays were carried out with R = 0.042. Reviews also indicate it leaves the users skin feeling soft and healthy after they apply it. Grace Day Published 27th November 2019 Receive your FREE Doctor-Approved Beauty Guide, A powerful daily ritual for glowing skin and strong hair & nails*. They used the met form of tyrosinase in contrast with this work where the oxy form was selected for docking purposes since the monophenolase activity resides in this form. Total oxygen consumption test in the presence of L-tyrosine and different concentrations of -arbutin (mM): a) 0, b) 1, c) 2 and d) 4. This image is not<\/b> licensed under the Creative Commons license applied to text content and some other images posted to the wikiHow website. S13 Fig. dSFdlAY*_C% MWCHAv&Vid2:[j1/We5, endstream endobj 41 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 338 /Height 334 /BitsPerComponent 1 /ImageMask true /Length 902 /Filter /CCITTFaxDecode /DecodeParms << /K -1 /Columns 338 >> >> stream marelihealthbeauty. The schemes show how and -arbutin act as competitive substrates and alternatives to L-tyrosine and L-dopa. The rest of the experimental conditions were [E]0 = 100 nM, [L-tyrosine]0 = 1 mM and [L-dopa]0 = 0.042 mM. The rest of the experimental conditions were [E]0 = 80 nM and [L-dopa]0 = 0.5 mM. That means fewer dark spots, less pigmentation, and a more even complexion. It has a natural whitening quality that makes it ideal for creams and lotions if you want to achieve lighter skin or cover blemishes. Initial rate values (V0) were calculated at different substrate concentrations. The docking results agree with these values. *k{uGs+c|;f8@cq8Yz}#{j]0T rNz|}k}*mTXE|m=(jcctR.^2K( Tip: Alpha arbutin is often mixed with kjic acid, vitamin C, or niacinamide to create a homemade skin whitening cream. 2. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on our site. Alpha arbutin, atau yang juga ditulis sebagai -arbutin, adalah zat turunan yang dibuat dari hydroquinone. However, experiments with HPLC show that the samples of and -arbutin were not hydrolyzed, so, there is no possibility that this kind of activation occurred in our case (S2 Fig). In order to maintain the depigmenting power of the hydroquinone, while decreasing its cytotoxicity, some derivatives of this compound such as -arbutin (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol) and -arbutin (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol), a glycosylated hydroquinones, have been used (Fig 1) [18]. Dont, however, combine vitamin C with niacinamide at the same time. She currently resides in New Jersey with her husband and cat, Silas. Alpha-Arbutin COA. Alpha arbutin, on the other hand, is a synthetic derivative of hydroquinonea powerful bleaching agent. Total oxygen consumption test (L-tyrosine). It is, therefore, considered that Alpha-Arbutin is an effective and safe ingredient . You can also buy The Ordinarys products from their website or retailers like Ulta. Your skin should be clean and dry before applying. Regarding the safety of and -arbutin in cosmetics, the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) has stated that the limit in cosmetics should be 2% for face creams and 0.5% in body lotions in the case of -arbutin, and 7% in face creams for -arbutin [35,36]. In a similar way, in treatments with rhododendrol it has been described that the o-quinones produced from this compound by the action of tyrosinase, affect the redox balance of the cell [17,19]. Inset. The ingredient can also help with post-inflammatory pigmentation. In conclusion, this work demonstrate that and -arbutin act as substrates of tyrosinase, since the enzyme is able to hydroxylate them and, subsequently, to oxidize the originated o-diphenol, as well as the hydroquinone, whose quinones are cytotoxic especially when they act on thiol compounds in the melanosome. 0000001418 00000 n We use cookies to make wikiHow great. Arbutin works to inhibit tyrosinase activity which then limits the product of melanin by your skin. Therefore, the possible reaction of tyrosinase on and -arbutin in the presence of H2O2 must be taken into account to confirm the nature of these substrates [46]. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 80 nM, [L-tyrosine]0 = 0.25 mM, [L-dopa]0 = 0.01 mM and -arbutin (mM): a) 0, b) 1.5, c) 3, d) 6.5, e) 13, f) 20, g) 32 and h) 41. Moreover, in both of them, there is a polar interaction of the glycosidic oxygen atom of the glucopyranose ring with H244. This was done by using MBTH [40,44], which is a potent nucleophile through its amino group which attacks enzyme-generated o-quinones, giving rise to an adduct. Kojic acid: a natural skin brightener A natural skin brightener is very well known to you and is popular for all the right reasons. This is a higher concentration product that contains 4% arbutin along with licorice and mulberry extract. Some people prefer to use an alpha arbutin powder. Both of them use molecular oxygen as cosubstrate [1]. 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\n<\/p><\/div>"}, http://www.nardev.com/UploadSection/ProdCat-481-1449729649.pdf, https://www.nps.gov/articles/2wayspurifywater.htm, https://www.dsm.com/personal-care/en_US/events-and-news/press-releases/2015/07-29-alpha-arbutin-safe-for-use.html, https://www.unitconverters.net/volume/drop-to-milliliter.htm. It can also help alleviate signs of environmental damage. Eric holds a BA in English from the University of Illinois at Chicago, and an MEd in secondary education from DePaul University. Graphical representation of the LineweaverBurk equation to show the inhibition of the monophenolase activity of tyrosinase in the presence of 3 mM -arbutin. Hydroquinone is banned in Europe and Australia because it has dangerous bleaching properties. Alpha-Arbutin has also been shown to improve hyperpigmentation and fade . It also contains hyaluronic acid. Stay up-to-date on the latest wellness trends, natural remedies, and more. It's used at a high 2% concentration versus a standard concentration of 1% and supported with a next-generation form of Hyaluronic Acid for enhanced delivery. Because it's the answer to the brighter, more even skin tone you've been dreaming of for years. "Enhanced efficacy has also been reported when combined with other skin-brightening actives like niacinamide and kojic acid.". The molecular structure of tyrosinase was taken from the Protein Databank (PDB ID:2Y9W, Chain A) [55], corresponding to the deoxy form of tyrosinase from Agaricus bisporus. 0000003717 00000 n Alpha arbutin has many of the same benefits but without the risks. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 50 nM and R = [L-dopa]0 / [L-tyrosine]0 = 0.042. A. Melanocytes control the melanin production - melanin is responsible for the pigment levels which imparts the skin its colour. S6 Fig. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177330, Editor: Willem J. H. van Berkel, Wageningen Universiteit, NETHERLANDS, Received: February 24, 2017; Accepted: April 17, 2017; Published: May 11, 2017. Brightening Serum - 10% Niacinamide + 0.3% Alpha Arbutin. -Arbutin has a lower structural stability than -arbutin and is easily broken by UV rays and heat. This cream can be used on areas all over your body, such as the inner thigh area or under the arms. But before you buy, it's always best to consult with your local dermatologist to make sure this ingredient is right for you and your skin concerns. Action of tyrosinase on -arbutin at long times. Kojic acid works by blocking tyrosinase, the enzyme that produces melanin. Moreover, Alpha-Arbutin hardly inhibited cell growth at 1 mmol/L, while Beta-Arbutin inhibits it significantly at the same concentration. It helps reducing hyperpigmentation and other dark spots. The retention times were 2.58, 2.61 and 3.64 min respectively. It can help improve uneven skin tone, diminish wrinkles and fine lines, get rid of dullness, and generally improve the appearance of your skin. Inhibition of diphenolase activity by arbutins. Docking complexes between the oxy form of mushroom tyrosinase and and -arbutin at the binuclear copper active site of tyrosinase were analyzed. In the meantime, there have been debates and validation studies about the mechanism of action of this substance as well as its skin lightening efficacy and safety. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 100 nM, [MBTH]0 = 0.2 mM and DMF 2%. Alfa Arbutin is a pure biosynthetic and hydro soluble active ingredient which activates skin lightening and unifies any skin type by way of blocking the synthesis of melanin pigments which inhibits the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine and the DOPA.. 0000062320 00000 n The distance between the oxygen of the peroxide group and the carbon with the hydroxyl group in ortho position facilitates hydroxylation. How to Use Alpha Arbutin You can use arbutin twice a day. The most popular combination can be alpha arbutin with either vitamin c or niacinamide. Can effectively inhibit melanin at lower concentration, whitening effect is 10 times compare with Beta Arbutin. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 100 nM, [-arbutin]0 = 20 mM and DMF 2%. However, if 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride hydrate is used, the o-quinone is attacked, so that it becomes an adduct, which can be oxidized by another molecule of o-quinone, generating o-diphenol in the medium. It is often considered a safer alternative to something called hydroquinone. I will talk about the color and packaging and tell you why they are NOT fake. The following mechanisms are proposed to explain the action of and -arbutin on the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase (S12 and S13 Figs, respectively), based on the above results. Hydroquinone (HQ) inhibits the melanogenesis process very effectively, so it is used as a depigmenting agent [14,15]. You can use this Natrium serum morning and evening, and its good for all types of skin, including sensitive and dry skin. Alpha arbutin is considered to be a broadly safe skincare product. Arbutin is easier to store and youll likely get more use out of it since you dont have the oxidation concern. Typology Pigment Stain Serum Alpha Arbutin 2% + lemon extract. B. Stoichiometry of the sequence of reactions that lead to the formation of MBTH-o-quinone adduct. Moreover, the catalytic constants obtained by the kinetic studies (catalytic constant = 4.43 0.33 s-1 and 3.7 0.29 s-1 for and -arbutin respectively) agree with our forecast based on 13 C NMR considerations. Alpha-type is just milder. Using this product slows the maturation of melanosomes. We care because when kojic acid oxidizes . By signing up you are agreeing to receive emails according to our privacy policy. There's 2% Alpha Arbutin in the formula. Users say that it helps fade dark spots, particularly ones that came from sun damage. I am not affilia. Chromatogram of the A) -arbutin 1 mM, B) -arbutin 1 mM and C) hydroquinone 1 mM. (11) $9.30. Conversely, a clear difference can be seen in the glycosyl moiety orientation of both ligands (Fig 8 and S11 Fig), which form hydrogen bonds with E322 from hydroxyl groups of C4 and C6 of the glucopyranose ring. S8 Fig. Less tyrosine and less melanin leads to lesser pigmentation, dark spots, and a more even complexion. The action of tyrosinase on hydroquinone has been characterized kinetically recently [13,20]. The changes in absorbance and the increase in reaction time indicate that a product is originating from -arbutin. The safe skin lightening active alpha-arbutin evens tone in 5 weeks. A. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 50 nM and [-arbutin]0 = 1 mM. Andrea Jordan is a beauty and lifestyle freelance writer covering topics from hair and skincare to family and home. Keep up your routine with alpha arbutin and use it daily. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 30 nM, [L-dopa]0 = 0.5 mM and -arbutin (mM): a) 0, b) 2.5, c) 5, d) 8, e) 13, f) 20 and g) 30. wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Applied topically, it inhibits tyrosinase and thus prevents the formation of melanin. Abstract. This adduct is oxidized by another molecule of o-quinone, leading to the accumulation of o-diphenol in the medium, so, the system reach the steady state. Alpha arbutin is the answer to reducing the appearance of hyperpigmentation and dark spots. All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published. It can also produce hyperpigmentation disorders such as ephelide, freckles, solar lentigines and melasma [2], which are treated with inhibitors of tyrosinase [24]. She received her bachelor's in Magazine Journalism from Temple University and you can find her work at top publications like InStyle, PopSugar, StyleCaster, Business Insider, PureWow and OprahMag. The water-based formula contains 2% alpha arbutin to brighten, depigment and lighten the skin helping to reduce the look of dark spots and uneven skin tone. In vitro studies of human melanocytes exposed to arbutin at concentrations below 300 g/mL reported decreased tyrosinase activity and melanin content with little evidence of cytotoxicity. 0000001129 00000 n The temperature of the column was maintained at 25C. Alpha arbutin (AA) is a skin care product that's most often used to reduce uneven skin tone and hyperpigmentation. Moreover, when these compounds are studied as substrates of the enzyme, the Kd values obtained by docking studies are in the same range as the KM values (Table 2). The presence of the peroxide ion in the binuclear copper centre requires a different arrangement of the substrate [10]. Inset. If youre going to use the popular combination, you may be wondering between arbutin and niacinamide, which first. Alpha-Arbutin (4- Hydroxyphenyl--D-glucopyranoside) is a 98% pure hyperpigmentation, a water-soluble, active ingredient extracted from the Bearberry Plant. For example, if you have 200 millilitres (0.85c) of skin care lotion, add 1mL (0.0042c) of dissolved arbutin. eGtdPKjtl=XM4Sv)@K)Ur4\]B3Vvc:qhc The most well-known phenol glycosides are arbutin and salicin. "Natural Resources Containing Arbutin. Features include: The product is known as a safer alternative to hydroquinone, which is a skin-lightening ingredient. Just like its sibling, alpha-arbutin is also a skin-brightening, depigmenting agent. wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. The discrepancy with our results is due to the different tyrosinase form used by the authors [6]. "They differ in structure and properties." On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Lamarkian Genetic Algorithm was chosen to explore the space of active binding to search for the best conformers. This image is not<\/b> licensed under the Creative Commons license applied to text content and some other images posted to the wikiHow website. The scientific research or the long term effects of alpha arbutin are still being studied. This assay method is highly sensitive, reliable, and precise [45]. Spectrophotometric recordings of the effect of different concentrations of -arbutin on the monophenolase activity of tyrosinase, using L-tyrosine as substrate. Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) is a copper enzyme widely distributed in nature. [8] The German Institute of Food Research in Potsdam found that intestinal bacteria can transform arbutin into hydroquinone, which creates an environment favorable for intestinal cancer.[9]. Its made with botanical and marine-based ingredients and it also contains hyaluronic acid. Its also gentle enough that you can combine it with other skincare products like vitamin C without worrying about interactions. Arbutin is a safer alternative to hydroquinone, with many of the benefits and not the side effects. However, they can be attacked by a hydrazone such as MBTH, giving rise to adducts, which are oxidized to become into stable chromophores with a high molar absorptivity (S1A Fig), absorbing between 350 nm and 600 nm. Applying it with an AHA will actually help you absorb more. "This results in less pigment, dark spots and skin lightening." Arbutin blocks this activation, which reduces pigmentation from UV rays. The high performance liquid chromatography assays were made using an Agilent 1200 Rapid Resolution coupled with a photodiode detector (UHPLC-DAD). Unique combination of Niacinamide & Alpha Arbutin that improves the skin's texture, evens out the skin tone and tackles hyperpigmentation, tanning, and freckles. MNG-t7ijpt+FmaTOWlC[AHDwFhb5>r^iy [%'ZTNB|L3'71 oNL;q)x Xa'G(|['k#0Ihwn1 ? Below well let you know everything thats relevant about this skincare ingredient and highlight our favorite product. It is a derivative of hydroquinone but is safer and works better as an effective skin lightening agent. Since arbutin is water soluble, it should mix quite easily into the lotion or cream. While alpha arbutin is safe to mix into creams and lotions in small doses, it must always be dissolved in water first. If you use one of these whitening agents, be sure to wear sunscreen whenever you go out. Urban Skin RX Super C Brightening Serum. The structure is similar to tyrosine. Alpha Arbutin 2% + HA The Ordinary ( 300 ). GENZ-Group of research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain, Affiliation: wikiHow, Inc. is the copyright holder of this image under U.S. and international copyright laws. However, melanin causes the browning of fruits, vegetables, fungi and crustaceans, which harms their quality and organoleptic properties, reducing their commercial value [2]. B. Representation of iD (degree of inhibition of the diphenolase activity) vs. the concentration of -arbutin. Inset. Users say they find that its light and not sticky and also hydrating. "Arbutin works to inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme present in melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin," says board-certified dermatologist Tiffany Jow Libby, M.D. It's most often extracted from the bearberry plant, which is a plant in the genus Arctostaphylos. and anti-oxidation. Alpha-Arbutin is a pure, water soluble, biosynthetic active ingredient. In this way, the system reaches the steady state and originates a chromophore, which, in turn, has a high absorptivity in the visible spectrum. It's generally great for all skin types but should be avoided if you're a soon-to-be or nursing mama. ]WKji2ML'0T};{K(c.pS6pBR2Cmm VEH_%bzn7YvTP4ewNId Overall its considered safe to apply alpha arbutin to your skin with other ingredients. In this work, we demonstrate that the oxy form of tyrosinase (oxytyrosinase) hydroxylates and -arbutin in ortho position of the phenolic hydroxyl group, giving rise to a complex formed by met-tyrosinase with the hydroxylated or -arbutin. This formation of adducts with MBTH has been used as method to characterize many monophenols and o-diphenols [40,41,44,45]. Niacinamide is a water-soluble vitamin also known as vitamin B3. Fig 2A and 2B show the action of and -arbutin on the monophenolase activity of tyrosinase using L-tyrosine as substrate. /okv7@^83Tf3l(_fkI8NNZl[m- 1B)d!Z+b0U8U'2nG! This kinetic characterization of and -arbutin as substrates of tyrosinase should be taken into account to explain possible adverse effects of these compounds. Tyrosinase hydroxylates monophenols to o-diphenols through the action of Eox on A, originating the EoxA complex, which becomes EmAOH, which, in turn, can be oxidized giving rise to Ed and o-quinone (P) or Em and o-diphenol (AOH). Francisco Garcia-Canovas, Contributed equally to this work with: Furthermore, the IC50 values for monophenolase (Fig 2) and diphenolase (Fig 3) activities were not the same, and neither were the apparent inhibition constants (Fig 4 and S3 Fig), as can be seen in Table 1. You can see how it might work synergistically with alpha arbutin. Apply it in the morning and the evening, and since it is pretty gentle, you can also combine it with something like vitamin C or an AHA product. A multi-purpose antioxidant serum designed to target mild to moderately uneven skin tone while reducing the signs of aging. When it comes to the skin, alpha arbutin is best known (and loved) for its complexion-brightening properties. This formula is clean, non-toxic, and cruelty-free. It absorbs easily into your skin, giving clear, radiant skin. Inset. Its not destroying melanin, but instead, its changing its production. Alpha arbutin is a skin lightening ingredient that is known for its ability to lighten hyperpigmentation, prevent new hyperpigmentation from forming and is used as a skin brightening agent. acclimated in Romania", Treatment of hyperpigmentation problems / skin lightening, High yuck factor not necessarily good for us anymore, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arbutin&oldid=1078391093, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2011, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 21 March 2022, at 10:00. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Hydroquinone is considered the best available product for skin lightening, but its not necessarily safe, which is why alpha-arbutin is a better option. Tyrosinase is an enzyme that regulates this conversion. The experimental conditions were the same as Fig 7. Indications Arbutin is a glycoside; a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from the bearberry plant in the genus Arctostaphylos among many other medicinal plants, primarily in the family Ericaceae. This ingredient is a beauty product that can help with hyperpigmentation, melasma, scarring and signs of aging. The experimental conditions were [E]0 = 30 nM, [L-dopa]0 = 0.5 mM and -arbutin (mM): a) 0, b) 0.5, c) 2.5, d) 5, e) 12, f) 20 and g) 30. Alpha arbutin can break down into carcinogenic chemicals if it comes from a synthetic source. While alpha arbutin is safe to mix into creams and lotions in small doses, it must always be dissolved in water first. To do this, you would buy the powder and then carefully dissolve it in water first. 1. These Kd values are in good agreement with the reported IC50app and values for arbutin ranging from 0.37 mM to 8.4 mM [6,23,6466], acting as inhibitor of different substrates. Our editors have independently chosen the products listed on this page. 0000001439 00000 n Its a natural antioxidant and brightener. The product can work well for a variety of needs, but if you have age spots, hyperpigmentation or sun damage, consider using alpha-arbutin. She received her bachelor's in Magazine Journalism from Temple University and you can find her work at top publications like InStyle, PopSugar, StyleCaster, Business Insider, PureWow and OprahMag.